Diagnosis

The definite diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is based on the findings of cerebrovascular fluid (CSF) examination. The CSF is obtained from lumbar puncture. The usual picture is pleocytosis with cell count over 1,000 cells per mm3 (with polymorphonuclear cells predominating), hypoglycorrhagia with glucose under 30 mg per dL and elevated protein usually over 200 mg per dL. Gram staining and microscopy may reveal the causative organism.

Differential Diagnosis
◦ Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases
◦ Drug-induced meningitis
◦ Tumours
◦ Epidermoid & Parasitic cysts

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